The Voyage of the Scarlet Queen

February 2, 1947 – February 25, 1948 · 36 broadcasts

Mutual high-seas adventure (1947-48). Captain Philip Carney sailed the 78-foot ketch Scarlet Queen through the South Pacific on errands of trade, rescue and intrigue, narrating from the ship's log. Elliott Lewis starred as Carney, with Ed Max as first mate Red Gallagher.

History & Overview

Premise and Format

The Voyage of the Scarlet Queen built its entire half hour around one device: the ship's log. Each episode opened with Captain Philip Karney reading off a position fix and a clipped remark, and that remark was the hook for the story to come (c1). The Queen herself was drawn with care -- a 78-foot two-masted ketch out of San Francisco, white-hulled, teak-decked, a scarlet figurehead on her bow, under a captain barely thirty with a Turk's-head tattoo on his arm (c2). The plot machine underneath rarely changed: make port, go ashore, collide with the local authorities or a rival trader or a woman in trouble, fight it out, and sail again, closing on Karney and his first officer sharing a drink and a final log entry (c3). What made the combination distinctive was tone: this was a sea story delivered in the voice of a hard-boiled detective show, at a moment when Mutual's schedule was crowded with exactly that kind of program (c4). The announcer's own billing named the ambition outright, promising "every week a complete entry in the log and every week a league further" aboard "the proudest ship to plough the seas" (c5).

Origins

Mutual's audition aired 2 February 1947, with Howard Duff as Karney and Elliott Lewis newly cast as first officer Red Gallagher (c6). By July, when the network actually green-lit the series, Duff had moved on to launch The Adventures of Sam Spade and picked up enough film work that he was no longer available -- so the audition's Gallagher, Lewis, was promoted to the captain's chair, and Ed Max stepped in as the series' Gallagher (c7). Alan Ladd was reportedly considered for the part at some point along the way (c8). Rather than write a new pilot script, Mutual simply remade the audition as the first broadcast: The Death of David Malone became The Shanghai Secret, with the first officer murdered a second time to set the voyage moving (c9). The audition's villain, called Van Gort, was renamed Constantino for the series (c10).

Broadcast History

Command Radio Productions created the series and sold it to Mutual, rather than the network originating it in-house (c11). It premiered 3 July 1947, 7:30 p.m. Thursdays, and never carried a sponsor (c12). The timeslot moved twice -- to Fridays near the end of November 1947, then to Wednesdays from mid-January 1948 (c13). For six broadcasts spanning that stretch (episodes 23-28), the surviving evidence splits into two incompatible day-of-week schemes, and the GRT catalog follows the Haendiges dates because that's what the surviving recordings are keyed to (c14). Thirty-five numbered broadcasts followed the audition (c15). The last one documented in the catalog aired 25 February 1948; Mutual cancelled the series that same month after seven months of unimpressive ratings, though a few stations kept airing it into the summer (c16). Its replacement was a revival of Encore Theatre, after a planned successor called Special Agent was scrapped for a script that reportedly didn't meet expectations (c17). The show launched at a high-water mark for Mutual -- over 430 affiliates, the most the network ever had, carrying sixteen mystery programs a week -- a crowded field for a sustaining adventure series to stand out in (c18). Family Theater, which followed it in the schedule for most of its run, soaked up most of the network's promotional push, and The Burns and Allen Show came back to the air that same autumn (c19). The program had real staying power on Armed Forces radio: AFRS carried it during the original run (most surviving copies are AFRS pressings, not network line checks), and the Far East Network revived it for listeners in Japan in August 1962, fifteen years after it first aired (c20).

People and Casting

Elliott Lewis played Karney for the whole run -- one of the parts that helped earn him the nickname "Mr. Radio," since by 1947 he was working simultaneously as a leading actor, writer, producer and director (c21). Ed Max's Red Gallagher started the series as the villain's man planted aboard the Queen, switching sides within the first episode, though the scripts kept the crew -- and the audience -- suspicious of him for weeks afterward (c22). Cathy Lewis, married to Elliott Lewis off the air, played Henrietta "Hank" Ainley, a recurring love interest who got her best showcase in The Jewel Thieves and the Straw-Filled Dummy (c23). Around them sat a deep bench of CBS-Hollywood regulars -- William Conrad, John Dehner, Paul Frees, Virginia Gregg, Ben Wright, Jack Kruschen, Verna Felton, Alan Reed, William Johnstone, Lillian Buyeff, Berry Kroeger, Barton Yarborough, Gloria Blondell and others -- with Roddy McDowall guesting in February 1948 (c24). Yarborough is worth calling out specifically: the writers killed off his first character, then brought him back later playing that character's brother (c25). Behind the microphone, James Burton produced and directed, Gil Doud and Bob Tallman wrote the scripts, Richard Aurandt composed and conducted the music, Charles Arlington announced, and the sound-effects crew of Ray Kemper, Tom Hanley and Bill James -- among the best then working -- built the show's water (c26).

Significance and Legacy

Two structural choices set the series apart from its half-hour peers. One was serial continuity: stringing twenty consecutive episodes into a single pursuit was unusual for a show this short, and the writers actually sustained it (c27). The other was the mileage counter -- for those same twenty broadcasts, Karney closed each episode by reporting how far the Scarlet Queen had sailed since leaving San Francisco, turning the season into a running, countable voyage (c28). Both devices were dropped after episode 20-21, and the general critical view is that the show lost some of its shape once the Kang-Constantino pursuit finally resolved, even though the individual episodes kept their quality (c29). Its standing among collectors runs well ahead of what an eight-month, sponsorless run would normally earn, helped by unusually complete survival for a Mutual show: 33 of 35 broadcasts, plus both auditions (c30).

Production

The show's reputation rested on its craft: accurate sailing vocabulary, careful sound design, and a route built almost entirely from real Pacific ports plotted to map coordinates that mostly still check out as a coherent zigzag course (c31). That route runs from San Francisco to Honolulu, Japan, Korea, north China, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Indochina, Singapore, Borneo, the Celebes, Bali, New Guinea, the Phoenix Islands, Samoa, Darwin, Penang, Java, New Zealand and Sydney, and back toward Singapore (c32). The engine driving most of the first season was cargo: Karney sailed for the trading house Kang & Sons, China Traders, chasing a set of ancient Chinese artifacts worth $10 million that financier Ku Chei Kang wanted returned to a war-ravaged China, and that the crime lord Constantino wanted to sell back to him instead (c33). One production detail survives in unusual, almost domestic detail -- a 1948 Radio Mirror column recorded that writer Gil Doud named the Scarlet Queen's crew Coulter, Crowder and Gordon, after the three Army camps where he'd served during the war (c34). Two scripts, held today in the Mort Fine collection at UCLA, settle a question the broadcasts themselves left open: the captain's surname is spelled Karney (c35).

Context and Controversies

The captain's name is genuinely unsettled across sources -- Karney, Carney and Kearney all appear in print. The surviving scripts spell it Karney; a Billboard review from August 1947 used Kearney; and the OTRR recordings and much of the collector literature use Carney. GRT's own spine titles follow the form as circulated, with the discrepancy recorded here rather than silently resolved (c36). The show also carries a real and un-erasable limitation: set almost entirely in Asian ports, its Asian characters were played by white actors performing an accent, most conspicuously the trader Ah Sin -- obese, perfumed, and voiced in a register borrowed from Charles Laughton (c37). The name itself has an odd history: it comes from a Bret Harte poem and a Harte-Twain play that were satirizing anti-Chinese racism in California, an intention the radio character carries none of (c38). One popular claim doesn't hold up under scrutiny: that the log-entry framing anticipated Star Trek's captain's log. Narrating devices like it were everywhere on 1940s radio -- Sam Spade dictated to Effie, Johnny Dollar filed expense accounts -- and nothing ties Gene Roddenberry to this program specifically; GRT treats the resemblance as coincidence, not lineage (c39). Even the end of the run is disputed: Wikipedia gives 14 February 1948, the Haendiges log and the last surviving recording point to 25 February 1948, and Digital Deli reconstructs a final broadcast on 3 March 1948. The catalog follows 25 February as the best-supported date (c40).

Odd Bits

The mileage counter that ran through the first twenty episodes has a real, traceable bug in it: it read 6,215 miles at episode 3, then dropped to 5,591 at episode 4 -- the ship apparently sailing backward -- before continuity resumed at episode 5 and held through episode 20; the likeliest explanation is a script typo for 6,591 (c41). The series' two lost broadcasts both came from Karney's China and Philippines legs -- The Ninth Niece in the Street of Weeping Women, set in Shanghai, and The Dead Man and the Boac Idol, set in Masbate (c42). That second title took some sorting out: the Haendiges log names episode 10 only as "Phil Masbate," which turns out to be shorthand for a location, the Philippine island of Masbate, rather than a title at all (c43). Nearly every broadcast ends the same way, with Gallagher offering Karney a drink and Karney answering, "After you, Mate, after you" (c44). The titles themselves are built on puns that are frequently the whole plot: there's no bell in The Green Tourist and the Temple Bell (there's a temple belle instead), the "wandering boy" of episode 28 is a wandering buoy, and the only "report" in Report of the White Jade Buddha is a gunshot (c45). Christmas 1947 landed, fittingly, on Christmas Island (c46). Two attempts to bring the voyage to television both quietly died: Allegro Productions was set to film episodes in 1951, and NBC took another run at it in 1955, but no finished footage from either attempt is known to survive (c47). Elliott Lewis and Howard Duff had served together on Armed Forces Radio during the war and reportedly could imitate each other's voice well enough to sub in undetected -- which makes recasting Duff's Karney with Lewis a quiet joke on the show's own history (c48).

Reception

Trade coverage of a sustaining show like this one was thin. Billboard reviewed the premiere in August 1947, and the Lantern trade-press index confirms further mentions in Variety (July 1947), Radio Mirror (1948), Sponsor, and the Radio Annual yearbooks, where the show turns up in Elliott Lewis's own credit listings (c49). Later assessment has been consistently kinder. Leonard Maltin, quoted by OTRCAT, singled out Lewis's performance as "completely convincing" and never overplayed, noting that he was directing the show and starring in it at the same time (c50). Modern reviewers tend to rank it among radio's better adventure series, drawing comparisons to Escape and the later Bold Venture, while being upfront about its dated racial casting (c51).

Cast & Creators

Cast & Creators

Elliott Lewis anchored The Voyage of the Scarlet Queen from audition to sign-off, though not always in the same chair. He read for first officer Red Gallagher opposite Howard Duff's Captain Karney at the February 1947 audition; by the time Mutual ordered the series that summer, Duff's schedule -- he had just launched The Adventures of Sam Spade and was picking up film work -- had moved him elsewhere, so Lewis took over the captaincy and held it for all thirty-five broadcasts. Ed Max came aboard as the series' Gallagher, playing a first officer who begins as the villain's inside man and spends the opening broadcast, and several after it, working his way out of the crew's suspicion.

Cathy Lewis, married to Elliott Lewis, made recurring appearances as Henrietta "Hank" Ainley, a love interest who got her fullest outing in The Jewel Thieves and the Straw-Filled Dummy. The rest of the regular guest bench was the CBS-Hollywood stock company at its deepest: William Conrad turned up across eight broadcasts, including a stint as crewman Neilson; Ben Wright and Roddy McDowall both guested in the February 1948 broadcast built around Rocky III and the Dead Man's Chest; and Berry Kroeger guested the following week (logged by Haendiges as "Barry Kroeger"). A wider circle of familiar voices -- Jeff Chandler, John Dehner, Verna Felton, Paul Frees, Virginia Gregg, Jack Kruschen, Alan Reed, William Johnstone and Barton Yarborough among them -- are credited to the series by name in the period record without a broadcast-by-broadcast paper trail tying them to specific episodes, so they're carried here as program-level credits rather than seated in individual episode casts. Yarborough is the standout among them: the record has him playing a character the writers killed off, only to bring him back later as that character's brother. One-off bit parts get a credit without a page under GRT's usual rule -- that covers Frank Driscoll, who played crewman Neilson in the fourth broadcast.

Behind the scenes, James Burton produced and directed the entire run. Gil Doud and Bob Tallman wrote it, giving the scripts their hard-boiled edge even in a nautical setting -- Doud is on record naming the Scarlet Queen's own crew (Coulter, Crowder and Gordon) after three Army camps where he served during the war. Richard Aurandt composed and conducted the score. Charles Arlington announced, and the effects work fell to Ray Kemper, Tom Hanley and Bill James -- a crew whose work on other Mutual and CBS shows makes them worth a dossier of their own eventually, though none exists yet. Both the announcer credit and the sound-effects crew are carried at program level only, per GRT's rule that a minor, one-off, or uncredited-by-name-only role gets a mention, not a page.

• Elliott Lewis — Capt. Philip Karney (lead, series)
• Ed Max — "Red" Gallagher, First Officer (lead, series)
• Howard Duff — Capt. Philip Karney (audition only)
• James Burton — Producer / director
• Gil Doud — Writer
• Robert Tallman — Writer
• Richard Aurandt — Composer / music director
• William Conrad — Recurring supporting player
• Cathy Lewis — Henrietta "Hank" Ainley (recurring)
• Ben Wright — Guest, ep. 33
• Roddy McDowall — Guest, ep. 33
• Berry Kroeger — Guest, ep. 34
• Jeff Chandler — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• John Dehner — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• Verna Felton — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• Paul Frees — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• Virginia Gregg — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• Jack Kruschen — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• Alan Reed — Supporting player (program-level credit)
• Barton Yarborough — Supporting player (recast as his own character's brother)
• William Johnstone — Supporting player (program-level credit)

Sources & Citations

Primary Sources

• Voyage of the Scarlet Queen episodic log (Jerry Haendiges Vintage Radio Logs) — otrsite.com
• Voyage of the Scarlet Queen (Wikipedia) — en.wikipedia.org
• Voyage of the Scarlet Queen - Single Episodes (OTRR) — archive.org

Notes

1. Each episode opened with Captain Philip Karney reading a position fix and a short remark into the ship's log, and that remark named the trouble the episode would dramatize. en.wikipedia.org
2. The Scarlet Queen was a 78-foot two-masted ketch out of San Francisco, white-hulled and teak-decked, with a scarlet figurehead on the bowsprit, captained by a principled 29-year-old with a Turk's-head tattoo on his arm. www.digitaldeliftp.com
3. The formula rarely varied: make port, go ashore, collide with local authorities, a rival trader, or a woman in trouble, resolve it with investigation and a fight, and sail on, closing on Karney and his first officer sharing a drink and a final log entry. en.wikipedia.org, www.greatdetectives.net
4. The show played as a hard-boiled detective series set at sea, a tone that stood out against 1947's crowded mystery-adventure schedule. www.greatdetectives.net, www.digitaldeliftp.com
5. The announcer's billing called the Scarlet Queen "the proudest ship to plough the seas, bound for uncharted adventure," promising "every week a complete entry in the log and every week a league further." section244.blogspot.com
6. Mutual auditioned the series on 2 February 1947 with Howard Duff as Karney and Elliott Lewis as the newly signed first officer, Red Gallagher. www.digitaldeliftp.com, www.otrsite.com, en.wikipedia.org
7. By the time Mutual green-lit the series in July, Duff's commitments to The Adventures of Sam Spade and rising film work had taken him out of reach, so the audition's Gallagher (Lewis) was promoted to the lead and Ed Max was brought in as the series' Gallagher. www.digitaldeliftp.com, section244.blogspot.com
8. Alan Ladd was also approached about the part at some stage. archive.org
9. The audition story was remade as the first broadcast: The Death of David Malone became The Shanghai Secret, with the first officer murdered a second time to set the voyage going. www.otrsite.com, en.wikipedia.org
10. In the audition the villain is called Van Gort; the series renamed him Constantino. en.wikipedia.org
11. The series was created by Command Radio Productions and bought by Mutual for broadcast rather than originated in-house. archive.org
12. It premiered 3 July 1947 at 7:30 p.m. Thursdays, sustaining -- no sponsor ever took it. www.digitaldeliftp.com, archive.org
13. Its slot moved twice: to Fridays around the end of November 1947, then to Wednesdays from mid-January 1948. www.digitaldeliftp.com
14. For episodes 23-28 the catalog follows the Haendiges dates rather than Digital Deli's competing scheme, since the surviving recordings are keyed to them; the two readings are irreconcilable on the evidence captured. www.otrsite.com, www.digitaldeliftp.com
15. Thirty-five numbered broadcasts are documented after the audition. www.otrsite.com, www.digitaldeliftp.com
16. The last documented broadcast in the catalog is 25 February 1948; Mutual pulled the show in February 1948 after a seven-month run on unimpressive ratings, though scattered stations carried it into that summer. archive.org
17. Mutual replaced it with a revival of Encore Theatre, after a planned successor, Special Agent, was pulled for a script that "did not come up to expectations." www.digitaldeliftp.com
18. Mutual was at its largest when the show launched, with over 430 affiliates -- the most in its history -- carrying sixteen mystery-genre programs a week, a crowded field for a sustaining adventure series. www.digitaldeliftp.com
19. Family Theater ran directly after Scarlet Queen for most of its life and absorbed most of the network's promotional attention; The Burns and Allen Show returned to the air that autumn. www.digitaldeliftp.com
20. AFRS carried the show during its original run -- most surviving recordings are AFRS pressings rather than network line checks -- and the Far East Network revived it for Japan-based listeners in August 1962, fifteen years later, Tuesdays at 9:30 p.m. www.digitaldeliftp.com, section244.blogspot.com
21. Elliott Lewis played Karney for the entire series, one of the roles that earned him the tag "Mr. Radio"; by 1947 he was simultaneously a leading actor, writer, producer and director. www.digitaldeliftp.com, www.otrcat.com
22. Ed Max played Red Gallagher, a first officer who begins the series as the villain's plant and switches sides inside the opening episode -- a distrust the scripts take several weeks to retire. section244.blogspot.com, www.greatdetectives.net
23. Cathy Lewis, Elliott Lewis's wife, appeared as Henrietta "Hank" Ainley, a recurring love interest, most memorably in The Jewel Thieves and the Straw-Filled Dummy. en.wikipedia.org, section244.blogspot.com
24. The supporting bench drew on the CBS-Hollywood first team -- William Conrad, John Dehner, Paul Frees, Virginia Gregg, Ben Wright, Jack Kruschen, Verna Felton, Alan Reed, William Johnstone, Lillian Buyeff, Berry Kroeger, Barton Yarborough, Gloria Blondell and others -- with Roddy McDowall guesting in February 1948. en.wikipedia.org, www.digitaldeliftp.com, www.otrsite.com
25. Barton Yarborough was used more than once, and the series killed his first character off, then brought him back as that character's brother. section244.blogspot.com
26. Behind the microphone, James Burton produced and directed; Gil Doud and Bob Tallman wrote; Richard Aurandt composed and conducted the music; Charles Arlington announced; and the sound was built by Ray Kemper, Tom Hanley and Bill James, among the best effects crews then working. www.digitaldeliftp.com, en.wikipedia.org
27. For a half-hour show, interlinking twenty consecutive episodes into one pursuit was rare, and the writers held that serial continuity. www.greatdetectives.net
28. For those same first twenty broadcasts, Karney closed by reporting how far the Scarlet Queen had traveled since San Francisco, a running mileage counter that turned the season into an actual voyage. www.greatdetectives.net, www.digitaldeliftp.com
29. Both devices were abandoned after episode 20-21, and most commentary agrees the show lost some focus once the Kang-Constantino pursuit resolved, though the individual adventures stayed strong. www.greatdetectives.net, en.wikipedia.org
30. The show's reputation among collectors is high out of proportion to its eight-month run, and it survives unusually completely for a Mutual show -- 33 of the 35 broadcasts, plus both auditions. www.greatdetectives.net, section244.blogspot.com
31. The technical standard was the show's calling card -- real sailing vocabulary, meticulous sound, and ports that were nearly all real places, plotted with map coordinates that mostly hold up as a zigzag course around the Pacific. en.wikipedia.org
32. The voyage runs San Francisco to Honolulu, Japan, Korea, north China, the Philippines, Hong Kong, Indochina, Singapore, Borneo, the Celebes, Bali, New Guinea, the Phoenix Islands, Samoa, Darwin, Penang, Java, New Zealand and Sydney, and back toward Singapore. en.wikipedia.org
33. Karney's employer is the trading house Kang & Sons, China Traders; the prize is a set of ancient Chinese artifacts, one from each major period, valued at $10 million, which financier Ku Chei Kang wants repatriated to a devastated postwar China and the crime lord Constantino simply wants to sell back to him. en.wikipedia.org, www.digitaldeliftp.com
34. A 1948 Radio Mirror column records that writer Gil Doud named the Scarlet Queen's crew Coulter, Crowder and Gordon, after the three Army camps where he was stationed during the war. lantern.mediahist.org
35. Scripts for at least two episodes survive in the Mort Fine collection at the UCLA library (boxes 51 and 52), and those scripts settle the captain's surname as Karney. en.wikipedia.org
36. The captain's surname appears as Karney, Carney, and Kearney across sources: the surviving scripts use Karney, a Billboard review from August 1947 used Kearney, and the OTRR recordings and much of the collector literature use Carney; the GRT catalog carries the spine titles as circulated and records the variance. en.wikipedia.org
37. The series is set almost entirely in Asian ports, and its Asian characters were played by white actors in accent -- Ah Sin, the obese, perfumed, Laughton-voiced trader, most conspicuously -- a real and unignorable limitation noted by modern reviewers. en.wikipedia.org, section244.blogspot.com
38. The name "Ah Sin" comes from a Bret Harte poem and a Harte-Twain play that satirized anti-Chinese racism in California; the radio character carries none of that intent. en.wikipedia.org
39. Wikipedia and several fan pages suggest the log-entry framing prefigured Star Trek's captain's log, but narrating devices of this kind were everywhere in 1940s radio (Sam Spade dictating to Effie, Johnny Dollar filing expense accounts), and no evidence links Roddenberry to the program. en.wikipedia.org, www.greatdetectives.net
40. Three end dates circulate for the run: 14 February 1948 (Wikipedia), 25 February 1948 (the Haendiges log, the last surviving recording, and the OTRR curator note), and 3 March 1948 (Digital Deli's reconstruction); the catalog follows 25 February as the reading with the most independent support. en.wikipedia.org, www.otrsite.com, archive.org, www.digitaldeliftp.com
41. The mileage counter is genuinely traceable and genuinely buggy -- 6,215 miles logged at episode 3, then 5,591 at episode 4, before continuity resumes at episode 5 and holds through episode 20; the likely explanation is a script slip for 6,591. www.digitaldeliftp.com
42. The two lost broadcasts were both drawn from Karney's Chinese and Philippine legs -- The Ninth Niece in the Street of Weeping Women (Shanghai) and The Dead Man and the Boac Idol (Masbate). en.wikipedia.org
43. The Haendiges log records episode 10 only as "Phil Masbate," which is not a title at all but a compressed note of the location, the Philippine island of Masbate. www.otrsite.com, en.wikipedia.org
44. Nearly every episode ends the same way -- Gallagher offers Karney a drink, and Karney answers, "After you, Mate, after you." www.greatdetectives.net
45. The titles are deliberate wordplay, and often the pun is the plot -- there is no bell in The Green Tourist and the Temple Bell (there is a temple belle), the "wandering boy" of episode 28 is a wandering buoy, and the only "report" in Report of the White Jade Buddha is the crack of a bullet. www.otrcat.com
46. Christmas 1947 was spent, appropriately, at Christmas Island. www.otrsite.com, en.wikipedia.org
47. Two attempts were made to move the voyage to television and both died quietly: Allegro Productions was scheduled to film episodes in 1951, and NBC revived the idea in 1955, but no finished video from either is known. archive.org
48. Elliott Lewis and Howard Duff had worked together in Armed Forces Radio during the war and were reportedly able to imitate each other's air voice well enough to substitute on the microphone undetected, which makes the Duff-to-Lewis recasting of Karney a small joke in itself. www.digitaldeliftp.com
49. Contemporary trade coverage was thin for a sustaining show; Billboard reviewed the premiere in August 1947, and Lantern's index confirms Scarlet Queen items in Variety (July 1947), Radio Mirror (1948), Sponsor, and the Radio Annual yearbooks, where it appears in Elliott Lewis's credit lists. en.wikipedia.org, lantern.mediahist.org, lantern.mediahist.org, lantern.mediahist.org, lantern.mediahist.org
50. Leonard Maltin, quoted by OTRCAT, singles out Lewis's performance as the skipper as "completely convincing," never overblown, and notes that Lewis held down the roles of director and star simultaneously. www.otrcat.com
51. Modern reviewers place the series among radio's better adventure series, comparing it to Escape and to the later Bold Venture, while being candid about its racial casting. www.otrcat.com, www.greatdetectives.net, section244.blogspot.com, www.digitaldeliftp.com